{"id":3805,"date":"2020-03-05T12:37:17","date_gmt":"2020-03-05T11:37:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/?p=3805"},"modified":"2020-04-02T03:54:38","modified_gmt":"2020-04-02T02:54:38","slug":"uberisation-et-lien-de-subordination","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2020\/03\/05\/uberisation-et-lien-de-subordination\/","title":{"rendered":"Ub\u00e9risation et lien de subordination"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Il serait fastidieux de lister le nombre de territoires (Colombie, Argentine, etc.) sur lesquels Uber s&#8217;est implant\u00e9e sans respecter la r\u00e8glementation locale alors m\u00eame qu&#8217;elle disposait des moyens de g\u00e9o-bloquer son application. Par un arr\u00eat du 4 mars 2020, la Cour de cassation a approuv\u00e9 la cour d\u2019appel de Paris qui avait requalifi\u00e9 en contrat de travail la relation contractuelle entre la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Uber et un chauffeur dont le caract\u00e8re ind\u00e9pendant est reconnu fictif en raison du <strong> lien de subordination caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par l\u2019ex\u00e9cution d\u2019un travail sous l\u2019autorit\u00e9 d\u2019un employeur qui a le pouvoir de donner des ordres et des directives, d\u2019en contr\u00f4ler l\u2019ex\u00e9cution et de sanctionner les manquements de son subordonn\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Contrairement \u00e0 un chauffeur UBER, le travailleur ind\u00e9pendant a la possibilit\u00e9 de se constituer sa propre client\u00e8le, de fixer ses tarifs et de d\u00e9finir les conditions d\u2019ex\u00e9cution de sa prestation. Avec UBER,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u2019itin\u00e9raire lui est impos\u00e9 et, s\u2019il ne le suit pas, des corrections tarifaires sont appliqu\u00e9es;<\/li>\n<li>\u00e0 partir de trois refus de courses, il peut \u00eatre d\u00e9connect\u00e9 temporairement.<\/li>\n<li>En cas de d\u00e9passement d\u2019un taux d\u2019annulation de commandes ou de signalements de &#8220;comportements probl\u00e9matiques&#8221;, son compte est supprim\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le chauffeur est donc incit\u00e9 \u00e0 accepter toutes les courses pour \u00e9viter que son acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la plateforme ne soit d\u00e9sactiv\u00e9 et n\u2019a donc pas la libert\u00e9 de refuser une course comme le ferait un chauffeur ind\u00e9pendant.<\/p>\n<p>C&#8217;est donc bien UBER qui d\u00e9finit unilat\u00e9ralement les conditions d\u2019exercice, contr\u00f4le l\u2019ex\u00e9cution et sanctionne les manquements des chauffeurs, ce qui caract\u00e9rise le lien de subordination et conduit \u00e0 requalifier en contrat de travail le contrat qui lie les parties.<\/p>\n<p>En sus de l&#8217;impact de cette d\u00e9cision sur le mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique d&#8217;UBER, cette requalification a de lourdes cons\u00e9quences en mati\u00e8re de rappel d&#8217;indemnit\u00e9s, de rappel de salaires, de dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats pour non respect des dur\u00e9es maximales de travail, de travail dissimul\u00e9 et licenciement sans cause r\u00e9elle et s\u00e9rieuse. Mais cela, UBER ne pouvait l&#8217;ignorer en prenant le risque de lancer son service en France.<\/p>\n<iframe src=\"\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmouillere.com%2Funiversconvergents%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F03%2F2020-03-04-UBER-Ccass.pdf&hl=fr&embedded=true\" class=\"gde-frame\" style=\"width:100%; height:500px; border: none;\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<p class=\"gde-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2020-03-04-UBER-Ccass.pdf\" class=\"gde-link\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger (PDF, 414KB)<\/a><\/p>\n<iframe src=\"\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmouillere.com%2Funiversconvergents%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F03%2F2020-03-04-UBER-AvocatGe%CC%81ne%CC%81ral.pdf&hl=fr&embedded=true\" class=\"gde-frame\" style=\"width:100%; height:500px; border: none;\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<p class=\"gde-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2020-03-04-UBER-AvocatGe\u0301ne\u0301ral.pdf\" class=\"gde-link\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger (PDF, 173KB)<\/a><\/p>\n<iframe src=\"\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmouillere.com%2Funiversconvergents%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F03%2F2020-03-04-UBER-AvisConseiller.pdf&hl=fr&embedded=true\" class=\"gde-frame\" style=\"width:100%; height:500px; border: none;\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<p class=\"gde-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2020-03-04-UBER-AvisConseiller.pdf\" class=\"gde-link\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger (PDF, 657KB)<\/a><\/p>\n<iframe src=\"\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmouillere.com%2Funiversconvergents%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F03%2F2020-03-04-UBER-NoteExplicative.pdf&hl=fr&embedded=true\" class=\"gde-frame\" style=\"width:100%; height:500px; border: none;\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<p class=\"gde-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2020-03-04-UBER-NoteExplicative.pdf\" class=\"gde-link\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger (PDF, 21KB)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalis.net\/actualite\/statut-de-salarie-du-chauffeur-uber-confirme-en-cassation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.legalis.net\/actualite\/statut-de-salarie-du-chauffeur-uber-confirme-en-cassation\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.droit-technologie.org\/actualites\/uber-la-cour-de-cassation-confirme-lexistence-dun-contrat-de-travail\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.droit-technologie.org\/actualites\/uber-la-cour-de-cassation-confirme-lexistence-dun-contrat-de-travail\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zdnet.fr\/actualites\/la-cour-de-cassation-requalifie-le-statut-d-un-chauffeur-uber-en-salarie-39900125.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.zdnet.fr\/actualites\/la-cour-de-cassation-requalifie-le-statut-d-un-chauffeur-uber-en-salarie-39900125.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextinpact.com\/news\/108754-la-cour-cassation-requalifie-en-contrat-travail-lien-entre-chauffeur-et-uber.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.nextinpact.com\/news\/108754-la-cour-cassation-requalifie-en-contrat-travail-lien-entre-chauffeur-et-uber.htm<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Il serait fastidieux de lister le nombre de territoires (Colombie, Argentine, etc.) sur lesquels Uber s&#8217;est implant\u00e9e sans respecter la r\u00e8glementation locale alors m\u00eame qu&#8217;elle disposait des moyens de g\u00e9o-bloquer&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3811,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[190],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3805","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ressources-humaines"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/UBERISATION-415x300-1.png?fit=415%2C300&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6jw1p-Zn","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2043,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2016\/07\/06\/une-proposition-de-loi-ps-vient-conforter-chauffeurs-vtc-et-taxis-contre-uber\/","url_meta":{"origin":3805,"position":0},"title":"Une proposition de loi PS vient conforter chauffeurs VTC et taxis contre Uber","author":"Fred","date":"6 juillet 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Le gouvernement soutient une proposition de loi examin\u00e9e ce mardi en commission du d\u00e9veloppement durable \u00e0 l'Assembl\u00e9e nationale, qui vise \u00e0 durcir l'acc\u00e8s des chauffeurs LOTI aux \u00ab plateformes VTC \u00bb comme Uber. http:\/\/www.numerama.com\/business\/180171-une-proposition-de-loi-ps-vient-conforter-chauffeurs-vtc-et-taxis-contre-uber.html http:\/\/www.assemblee-nationale.fr\/14\/pdf\/propositions\/pion3855.pdf \u00a0","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Marketing&amp;Communication&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Marketing&amp;Communication","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/publicite-marketing-communication\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/9711257_orig.jpg?fit=770%2C381&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/9711257_orig.jpg?fit=770%2C381&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/9711257_orig.jpg?fit=770%2C381&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/9711257_orig.jpg?fit=770%2C381&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7070,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2026\/04\/01\/conditions-de-travail-des-livreurs-des-plateformes-numeriques\/","url_meta":{"origin":3805,"position":1},"title":"Conditions de travail des livreurs des plateformes num\u00e9riques","author":"Fred","date":"1 avril 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9cente dresse un constat alarmant sur la situation m\u00e9dico-sociale des des livreurs des plateformes num\u00e9riques, secteur reposant sur une main-d'\u0153uvre extr\u00eamement pr\u00e9caire, majoritairement compos\u00e9e d'hommes jeunes et immigr\u00e9s : Pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 administrative : 64,4 % des livreurs sont sans titre de s\u00e9jour. Cette vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 alimente un syst\u00e8me de location\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Commerce \u00e9lectronique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Commerce \u00e9lectronique","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/it\/commerce-electronique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Livreurs.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Livreurs.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Livreurs.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Livreurs.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5933,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2024\/05\/01\/legal-privilege-ni-pour-ni-contre-bien-au-contraire\/","url_meta":{"origin":3805,"position":2},"title":"Legal privilege : ni pour, ni contre, bien au contraire","author":"Fred","date":"1 mai 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Le concept anglo-saxon de legal privilege prot\u00e8ge la confidentialit\u00e9 des avis \u00e9mis par les juristes d'entreprise. En France, la question de la protection de la confidentialit\u00e9 des avis des juristes d'entreprise et la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un statut d\u2019avocat en entreprise dot\u00e9 de la d\u00e9ontologie de l\u2019avocat afin d'attribuer aux juristes d'entreprises\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Avocat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Avocat","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/avocat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/LegalPrivilege.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/LegalPrivilege.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/LegalPrivilege.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/LegalPrivilege.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5830,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2024\/01\/14\/openai-impossible-de-faire-de-lia-sans-violer-les-droits-des-tiers\/","url_meta":{"origin":3805,"position":3},"title":"OpenAI : impossible de faire de l&#8217;IA sans violer les droits des tiers","author":"Fred","date":"14 janvier 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Impossible de d\u00e9velopper Youtube sans violer les droits d'auteurs, Facebook et tweeter sans violer les donn\u00e9es personnel et v\u00e9hiculer massivement de la d\u00e9sinformation, Amazon sans violer le droit des marques, Uber sans violer le droit du travail, etc. Alors pourquoi toutes ces soci\u00e9t\u00e9s continuent \u00e0 s'autoriser \u00e0 distribuer des produits\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;IA&quot;","block_context":{"text":"IA","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/it\/ia\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/IA.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/IA.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/IA.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/IA.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6980,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2026\/02\/23\/validation-par-le-conseil-constitutionnel-de-la-confidentialite-des-consultations-des-juristes-dentreprise\/","url_meta":{"origin":3805,"position":4},"title":"Validation par le Conseil constitutionnel de la confidentialit\u00e9 des consultations des juristes d\u2019entreprise","author":"Fred","date":"23 f\u00e9vrier 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Le Conseil constitutionnel vient de valider la loi instituant la confidentialit\u00e9 des consultations des juristes d\u2019entreprise dont l'enjeu central repose sur la cr\u00e9ation d'un r\u00e9gime de confidentialit\u00e9 pour les avis juridiques internes, similaire mais distinct du secret professionnel de l'avocat. Alors que les requ\u00e9rants (d\u00e9put\u00e9s de la France insoumise -\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Avocat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Avocat","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/avocat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/2026-02-18-CConsti-AvisJuristeConfidentialite.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/2026-02-18-CConsti-AvisJuristeConfidentialite.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/2026-02-18-CConsti-AvisJuristeConfidentialite.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/2026-02-18-CConsti-AvisJuristeConfidentialite.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3492,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2019\/12\/19\/reforme-de-la-procedure-civile\/","url_meta":{"origin":3805,"position":5},"title":"R\u00e9forme de la proc\u00e9dure civile","author":"Fred","date":"19 d\u00e9cembre 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Le Conseil National des Barreaux (CNB) vient de publier des fiches pratiques relatives aux changements en mati\u00e8re de proc\u00e9dure civile induis par le d\u00e9cret d\u2019application de la loi pour la r\u00e9forme de la justice publi\u00e9 le 12 d\u00e9cembre dernier au Journal officiel. La loi du 23 mars 2019 de programmation\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Avocat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Avocat","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/avocat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3805","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3805"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3805\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3812,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3805\/revisions\/3812"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3811"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3805"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3805"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}