{"id":6079,"date":"2024-07-16T21:57:20","date_gmt":"2024-07-16T20:57:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/?p=6079"},"modified":"2024-07-17T15:31:21","modified_gmt":"2024-07-17T14:31:21","slug":"droit-penal-de-lenvironnement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2024\/07\/16\/droit-penal-de-lenvironnement\/","title":{"rendered":"Droit p\u00e9nal de l\u2019environnement"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemondedudroit.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monde du droit<\/a> publie un article int\u00e9ressant consacr\u00e9 l&#8217;essor du droit p\u00e9nal de l&#8217;environnement sur le plan national et communautaire, notamment avec l&#8217;adoption le 11 avril 2024 de la directive (UE) 2024\/1203 relative \u00e0 la protection de l\u2019environnement par le droit p\u00e9nal.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>&#8220;La r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice \u00e9cologique s&#8217;effectue par priorit\u00e9 en nature&#8221; (art. 1249 du code civil)<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>La France a mis en place au sein de chaque Cour d\u2019appel des juridictions sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es disposant d\u2019une coordination directe avec les services administratifs de l\u2019Etat et les enqu\u00eateurs de l\u2019environnement, et une politique p\u00e9nale n\u00e9goci\u00e9e permettant un traitement p\u00e9nal plus rapide et favorisant la restauration des milieux impact\u00e9s. Au sein de chaque d\u00e9partement ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 un comit\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnel de lutte contre la d\u00e9linquance environnementale pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 par les procureurs de la R\u00e9publique territorialement comp\u00e9tents qui ont pour mission de veiller \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9change interservices des informations concernant les atteintes \u00e0 l\u2019environnement et favoriser la coordination entre autorit\u00e9 judiciaire et administrative (repr\u00e9sentant du pr\u00e9fet et agents des services de l\u2019Etat comp\u00e9tents). Des r\u00e9unions annuelles doivent \u00eatre organis\u00e9es avec les services d\u00e9concentr\u00e9s et les acteurs associatifs locaux afin d\u2019identifier et de cartographier les enjeux environnementaux et de biodiversit\u00e9 au niveau local.<\/p>\n<p>Pour faire face \u00e0 l&#8217;augmentation des infractions et des poursuites, sont privil\u00e9gi\u00e9es des conventions judiciaires d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat public environnementales tenant compte :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>du caract\u00e8re spontan\u00e9 de la r\u00e9v\u00e9lation des faits;<\/li>\n<li>du\u00a0 degr\u00e9 de coop\u00e9ration en vue de la r\u00e9gularisation de la situation et de la r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice \u00e9cologique;<\/li>\n<li>des ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents judiciaires, les poursuites p\u00e9nales devant \u00eatre privil\u00e9gi\u00e9es en cas de r\u00e9it\u00e9ration de faits graves.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L\u2019amende doit \u00eatre proportionn\u00e9e \u00e0 la gravit\u00e9 du manquement, aux avantages tir\u00e9s de l\u2019infraction et des revenus de la personne morale sanctionn\u00e9e. L\u2019amende d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat public se situe actuellement entre de 50k\u20ac et 140k\u20ac. Elle vient s\u2019ajouter \u00e0 l&#8217;obligation de mise en conformit\u00e9 et de r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice environnemental, ce qui peut repr\u00e9senter des montants bien sup\u00e9rieurs.<\/p>\n<p>La directive 2024\/1203 pr\u00e9voit des sanctions p\u00e9nales sp\u00e9cifiques en cas d\u2019importation ou d&#8217;exportation effectu\u00e9e en violation du r\u00e8glement UE 2023\/1115 relatif \u00e0 la d\u00e9forestation, et la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un d\u00e9lit pour le captage des eaux de surface ou souterraines. Elle pr\u00e9voit \u00e9galement :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>des circonstances aggravantes\u00a0 lorsque\u00a0 l\u2019infraction a g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 des avantages financiers importants ou a permis d\u2019\u00e9viter des d\u00e9penses importantes, a caus\u00e9 des dommages substantiels et irr\u00e9versibles aux \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes, ou a \u00e9t\u00e9 commise par un agent public dans le cadre de ses fonctions;<\/li>\n<li>des circonstances att\u00e9nuantes en cas de remise en \u00e9tat, de r\u00e9paration ou de r\u00e9duction au minimum de l\u2019ampleur de dommage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<iframe src=\"\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmouillere.com%2Funiversconvergents%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F07%2F2023-10-06-Circulaire-de-politique-penale-en-matiere-de-justice-penale-environnementale.pdf&hl=fr&embedded=true\" class=\"gde-frame\" style=\"width:100%; height:500px; border: none;\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<p class=\"gde-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2023-10-06-Circulaire-de-politique-penale-en-matiere-de-justice-penale-environnementale.pdf\" class=\"gde-link\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger (PDF, 228KB)<\/a><\/p>\n<iframe src=\"\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmouillere.com%2Funiversconvergents%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F07%2F2024-04-11-DIRECTIVE-relative-a-la-protection-de-lenvironnement-par-le-droit-penal.pdf&hl=fr&embedded=true\" class=\"gde-frame\" style=\"width:100%; height:500px; border: none;\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<p class=\"gde-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2024-04-11-DIRECTIVE-relative-a-la-protection-de-lenvironnement-par-le-droit-penal.pdf\" class=\"gde-link\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger (PDF, 1.2Mo)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemondedudroit.fr\/decryptages\/93781-droit-penal-environnement-essor-enjeux-precisions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.lemondedudroit.fr\/decryptages\/93781-droit-penal-environnement-essor-enjeux-precisions.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Monde du droit publie un article int\u00e9ressant consacr\u00e9 l&#8217;essor du droit p\u00e9nal de l&#8217;environnement sur le plan national et communautaire, notamment avec l&#8217;adoption le 11 avril 2024 de la&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6088,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environnement"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Droit-penal-de-lenvironnement.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":false,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6jw1p-1A3","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":6284,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2024\/09\/30\/le-secret-professionnel-de-lavocat-est-il-limite-a-lexercice-des-droits-de-la-defense\/","url_meta":{"origin":6079,"position":0},"title":"Le secret professionnel de l&#8217;avocat est-il limit\u00e9 \u00e0 l&#8217;exercice des droits de la d\u00e9fense ?","author":"Fred","date":"30 septembre 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"La jurisprudence fran\u00e7aise a tendance \u00e0 limiter le champs du secret professionnel de l'avocat \u00e0 la d\u00e9fense des personnes ayant commis ou pensant avoir commis une infraction (exercice des droits de la d\u00e9fense), mais non lorsque des conseils sont demand\u00e9s \u00e0 un avocat avant toute commission d\u2019une infraction (activit\u00e9 de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Avocat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Avocat","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/avocat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/SecretProfessionnel.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/SecretProfessionnel.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/SecretProfessionnel.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/SecretProfessionnel.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5482,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2023\/03\/23\/directive-green-claims-vs-greenwashing\/","url_meta":{"origin":6079,"position":1},"title":"Directive Green Claims VS Greenwashing","author":"Fred","date":"23 mars 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Les proc\u00e9dures pr\u00e9ventives ou curatives contre le blanchiment d'argent pr\u00e9voient des obligations de surveillance et une responsabilit\u00e9 p\u00e9nale pour tous ceux qui ont particip\u00e9 par n\u00e9gligence ou intentionnellement au blanchiment. Le greenwashing ou \u00e9coblanchiment avec ses promesses de voitures propres, d'\u00e9nergies propres, de green computing, etc. est encore plus\u00a0 trompeur\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Environnement&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Environnement","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/environnement\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Directive-Green-Claims.jpg?fit=1080%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Directive-Green-Claims.jpg?fit=1080%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Directive-Green-Claims.jpg?fit=1080%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Directive-Green-Claims.jpg?fit=1080%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Directive-Green-Claims.jpg?fit=1080%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3146,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2024\/08\/13\/03-avocat-le-secret-professionnel\/","url_meta":{"origin":6079,"position":2},"title":"03 &#8211; Avocat &#8211; Le secret professionnel","author":"Fred","date":"13 ao\u00fbt 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Deux principes essentiels dominent l'exercice de la profession d'avocat : l'ind\u00e9pendance qui en est l'\u00e2me et le secret professionnel qui en est le c\u0153ur. Indissociable de son ind\u00e9pendance, le secret professionnel est consubstantiel \u00e0 la profession d\u2019avocat mais n'est pas un bouclier destin\u00e9 \u00e0 le prot\u00e9ger et fait de lui\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Avocat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Avocat","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/avocat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/03-Avocat-Le-secret-professionnel.001.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/03-Avocat-Le-secret-professionnel.001.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/03-Avocat-Le-secret-professionnel.001.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/03-Avocat-Le-secret-professionnel.001.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/03-Avocat-Le-secret-professionnel.001.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1926,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2016\/03\/01\/reforme-penale-ce-que-le-projet-de-loi-change-pour-internet\/","url_meta":{"origin":6079,"position":3},"title":"R\u00e9forme p\u00e9nale : ce que le projet de loi change pour Internet","author":"Fred","date":"1 mars 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Numerama fait le point sur les dispositions du projet de loi de r\u00e9forme p\u00e9nale qui touchent \u00e0 Internet ou au num\u00e9rique http:\/\/www.numerama.com\/politique\/149237-reforme-penale-ce-que-le-projet-de-loi-change-pour-internet.html http:\/\/www.assemblee-nationale.fr\/14\/dossiers\/lutte_crime_organise_terrorisme.asp \u00a0","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Avocat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Avocat","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/avocat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Capture-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9cran-2016-03-10-%C3%A0-11.16.19.jpg?fit=1200%2C810&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Capture-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9cran-2016-03-10-%C3%A0-11.16.19.jpg?fit=1200%2C810&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Capture-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9cran-2016-03-10-%C3%A0-11.16.19.jpg?fit=1200%2C810&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Capture-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9cran-2016-03-10-%C3%A0-11.16.19.jpg?fit=1200%2C810&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Capture-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9cran-2016-03-10-%C3%A0-11.16.19.jpg?fit=1200%2C810&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2619,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2017\/09\/07\/la-reforme-de-la-prescription-penale-en-6-points\/","url_meta":{"origin":6079,"position":4},"title":"La r\u00e9forme de la prescription p\u00e9nale en 6 points","author":"Fred","date":"7 septembre 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Le cabinet d'avocat Baro Alto pr\u00e9sente la\u00a0r\u00e9forme de la prescription p\u00e9nale en 6 points.","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Avocat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Avocat","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/avocat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6980,"url":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/2026\/02\/23\/validation-par-le-conseil-constitutionnel-de-la-confidentialite-des-consultations-des-juristes-dentreprise\/","url_meta":{"origin":6079,"position":5},"title":"Validation par le Conseil constitutionnel de la confidentialit\u00e9 des consultations des juristes d\u2019entreprise","author":"Fred","date":"23 f\u00e9vrier 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Le Conseil constitutionnel vient de valider la loi instituant la confidentialit\u00e9 des consultations des juristes d\u2019entreprise dont l'enjeu central repose sur la cr\u00e9ation d'un r\u00e9gime de confidentialit\u00e9 pour les avis juridiques internes, similaire mais distinct du secret professionnel de l'avocat. Alors que les requ\u00e9rants (d\u00e9put\u00e9s de la France insoumise -\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Avocat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Avocat","link":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/category\/avocat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/2026-02-18-CConsti-AvisJuristeConfidentialite.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/2026-02-18-CConsti-AvisJuristeConfidentialite.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/2026-02-18-CConsti-AvisJuristeConfidentialite.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/2026-02-18-CConsti-AvisJuristeConfidentialite.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6079"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6091,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6079\/revisions\/6091"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6088"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mouillere.com\/universconvergents\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}